similarities and dissimilarities in the mu'tazila's and the new mu'tazila's literary approaches to the quran

the mu'tazila and the new mu'tazila are two rationalist schools of islamic theology the adherents of which have paid special attention to the literary exegesis of the qur'n.the mu'tazila's literary approach was rooted in their thinking which was based on kalām, including doctrines like quranic createdness )khalq-e qur'an(, inimitability )i'jaz(, the existence of trope )majaz( in the quran, and the possibility of esoteric interpretation of the quran )ta'wil(. new mu'tazila didn’t put much importance on the said issues. their literary approach mostly followed western methods of textual criticism rather than being founded upon issues of kalām and religious principles. because of their use of the varied intellectual foundations and resources of miscellaneous sects of kalām, and also their pragmatic approach to thoughts in resolving challenges, the new mu'tazila were not successful in developing a firm system of thinking (in contrast to the mu'tazila) in order to organize their different viewpoints like their literary approach to the quran.